What are two exceptions for following an oral medication with juice or water?

The correct answer focuses on specific types of medications that may need to be taken with caution regarding the consumption of juice or water afterward. Cough medications and those intended for local action are often formulated to have specific effectiveness that can be altered by consuming fluids immediately afterward.

For instance, cough medications may include active ingredients that are designed to coat the throat or to work in specific areas, and diluting these effects with a liquid could diminish their efficacy. Similarly, medications given for local action, such as certain oral rinses or lozenges, are intended to act in a localized area, and any fluid intake might wash away the medication too quickly or dilute its intended effect.

This nuanced understanding is important for ensuring the effectiveness of certain medications and highlights why some medications have these exceptions. Other categories of medications, as listed in the alternatives, do not carry the same considerations regarding post-consumption fluid intake, making this distinction essential in medication management.